The milkman and the catalogue man Essay Example For Students

The milkman and the catalogue man Essay Mrs Johnstone is uncomfortable about the agreement and questions about it to Mrs Lyons, why did we have to do that?, this shows that Mrs Johnstone is afraid and discontented about this pact because she knows that it will be hard on her to keep such secret, this also creates tension because the audience know that Mrs Johnstone has regrets and makes us wonder if she is going to keep this secret. When the narrator says, How quickly, an idea, planted, he means that this decision with having a baby for Mrs Lyons wasnt decided properly and was a quick decision which will cause problems later on. We will write a custom essay on The milkman and the catalogue man specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Mrs Johnstone knows that coping with nine children is difficult, and has many financial problems, we realize this when the catalogue man says that she is twelve weeks behind in your payment. Mrs Johnstones song also shows her problems with money when she sings, Living on the never never, constant as the changing weather, this shows that she has debt and has to repay lots of money to people, this creates tension because we wonder if she will continue this way and if she will ever repay the milkman and the catalogue man. After the twins were born, Mrs Johnstone did not inform Mrs Lyons, theyre born, you didnt notify me says Mrs Lyons; this shows us that Mrs Lyons is too keen and over possessive and wants her child straight away, this also creates tension because we know that Mrs Johnstone has regrets and makes us wonder is she is going to break the binding agreement. Here the relationship and attitude between Mrs Lyons and Mrs Johnstone is quite the opposite from the friendly gesture when they first met, Mrs Lyons is too desperate but Mrs Johnstone is reluctant but has no choice but to give one away, Dont tell me which one. Just take him, take him, this shows that she is trying not to be involved in the separation of the twins, however the same tension continues about the agreement and the promise being broken. Mrs Johnstone continues to work for Mrs Lyons as a cleaner and continuously sees Edward Lyons, glances into the cot, beaming and cooing, however Mrs Lyons feels uncomfortable with Mrs Johnstone around the baby and also nervous that she may give the secret away in front of Mr Lyons who is standing there. Here we discover that Mrs Lyons feels insecure about Edward, and the motherhood behaviour of Mrs Johnstone shows us that she still loves her children. This also shows us the relationship between the two women because Mrs Lyons does not want Mrs Johnstone to interfere and come in the way. Mrs Lyons decides to fire Mrs Johnstone and tries to do it in a friendly manner, we both think it would be better if u leftyour work has deteriorated and she pushes a fifty pound note into Mrs Johnstones hand. Then tension starts to create as conflicts starts between the two women, If Im going, Im takin me son with me, here dramatic tension is created as we wonder if shell leave with or without her son. This also shows that Mrs Johnstone still doesnt want to know the fact that they are separated and still wants to act as a mother to the child. Both mother and mums attitude show that they are equally desperate and over possessive. When Mrs Lyons says if either twin learns that once was a pair, they shall both immediately die to Mrs Johnstone, we realize that she has turned into superstition and is using it as defence against Mrs Johnstone and we wonder if this superstition will come true, Mrs Lyons uses this superstition as a threat and as defence for Edward. .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 , .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .postImageUrl , .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 , .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473:hover , .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473:visited , .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473:active { border:0!important; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473:active , .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473 .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5794ca7fcd28bca32e9925d103e3c473:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Beloved Essay IndependenceSome time after this incident, Mrs Lyons confronts Mrs Johnstone and accuses her of ruining her. In this scene we see Mrs Lyons loosing complete control and revealing her possessive and obsessive nature in full. Here we feel great sympathy for Mrs Johnstone and we realise that despite having very little money to offer her children, she is more kind and reasonable of the two mothers. Mrs Johnstone continues to love her children, and Mickey at the age of seven was loved the most, we know this because, Mrs Johnstone grabs Mickey and hugs him, she does this because she has already lost one child and does not want to loose another, this creates tension because we wonder if this motherly bond between her and her son is ever going to break down. At this point Mrs Lyons is forgotten and everything is a focus on Mrs Johnstone and the love of motherhood she gives to Mickey, the separated twin. From these scenes we learn that motherhood is shared out between Mrs Johnstone with eight children and Mrs Lyons with one child of Mrs Johnstone. We also learn that tension continues through out, with the secret pact and whether it was going to be broken, which did at the end and unfortunately causes a fatal calamity of death. However, the two women love both their children and child in different ways, Mrs Lyons shows motherhood through teaching manners, discipline and giving love, whereas Mrs Johnstone shows love through emotion and the time she spends with Mickey.  Overall I think that one mother is not better than the other and the motherly bond between mother and child was equally shared.

The Democratic Party

The Democratic Party Free Online Research Papers When coming to the presidential campaign, one most ask themselves which party would be best for our nation as a whole. Although their have been some benefits in the Bush campaign, with having a plan for tax cuts for example, some of his policies are lacking. Now a new election is coming up and one must pick whether to remain with the Republican party, or promote change with the Democratic party. Barack Obama is the best candidate for this upcoming election because he promotes important changes in our nation’s economic recession problem, healthcare issues, and effects on immigration in the U.S. The biggest problem our country is going through at this moment is our war efforts in Iraq. If McCain was the one to be elected, his affects in the war of Iraq would have some similar affects as the Republican party has already done to increase this knot that has been getting bigger and bigger. This problem has already led to the expenditure of millions upon millions of our nation’s dollars that could have been put to better use in our economy. This and a couple of other problems, have left this country to lead itself into economic distress that our society is having to deal with. The exorbitant increases in food, gas, and all other consumer good prices have to stop. Obama promotes healthcare insurance for all Americans and if already obtained, stated that there will also be cost reduction to all healthcare insurance. This will not just help out American people with our healthcare dilemma, where more then 45 million Americans are without healthcare, but provide small businesses with Health Tax Credit to provide them with a refundable tax credit of up to 50 percent on premiums paid by small businesses on behalf of their employees. Businesses would also run more efficiently and quality will increase based on the companies having to be required to report data in to ensure that the work environment is healthy and health requirements are being met. This thus helps out the â€Å"working man†, by giving us healthier work environment status and keeping people safer. Another major issue that our country is experiencing is the increase in population in the U.S. based on illegal immigrants coming across borders. Bush has tried to solve this issue (put in number of immigrants come in each year, show numbers), but overall has not solved this problem. Obama supports additional infrastructure and technology on the border and at our ports of entry. This is a major problem with thousands coming into the U.S. on a daily basis, and with this new type of border control we will have better protection as a whole and be able to know who is coming into our nation with a much more secure system with Obama as our president. Barack Obama should be the best pick for the presidential campaign, because of the changes he will make on important issues our country has to deal with. His plans to change our nation has a better chance than what the Republican party has already done in office. McCain and his team do not have what it takes to run a nation like Obama. And that’s what it all comes down to, is what the people want and what helps our nation as a whole. Research Papers on The Democratic PartyThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceQuebec and CanadaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaHip-Hop is ArtResearch Process Part OneAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

The Reasons Why I Became a Doctor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Reasons Why I Became a Doctor - Essay Example Later on, I learnt about Pilates, and it became my way of spending my weekends. Since then, my weekends involved attending workshops to learn and develop precise understanding of mechanics of each movement and how that knowledge could help improve the health of the spine. When I joined my accounting profession, I quickly became the person everyone in my office would consult in case of an ailment. It was evident that despite the environment I was in, medicine was part of me. An occurrence in my life changed my whole life for good. I fell sick with an ailment that was not very common with the doctors in the area. It took many doctors’ visits, many hours of traveling and a lot of research to finally identify a practitioner who was a specialist in the illness I had. My encounter with this doctor defined the course I would take in medicine. This was the genesis of naturopathic medicine. This encounter again gave me the motivation I needed to pursue this specific field of medicine. Upon understanding the symptoms of the disease my practitioner cautioned me that the healing of that disease would involve a lot of commitment on me in managing my diet and lifestyle. I was ready to follow the doctor’s advice little did I know that this was the turning point. I was now to quit my job as an accountant and pursue naturopathic medicine. This happened due to the desire that rose in me at that time. In the process of managing my diet, I decided to read further on the condition and the alternate ways of treating it. As I obtained more tips to deal with my condition and my health kept improving I realized my desire for research was growing. This research ignited a fire within me and I now wanted to know about all the illnesses we encounter in our day to day life such as cancer and diabetes. At this point, my illness became the catalyst for positive change.  

Six Philosophical Texts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Six Philosophical Texts - Essay Example Aristotle’s â€Å"Nicomachean Ethics† (books from 1 to 3) is absolutely a unique text that considers the cores of what does it really mean to be happy and how to become a virtuous human being. Reading Aristotle made me think that the man knew literally everything, as the things written in the Ethics are absolutely truthful and applicable. This in fact makes them universal, as they may be used by people of all times, because the author manages to describe ethics and moral values precisely as they are, so the text is still relevant. For instance, in the first book of Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle claims that happiness (or eudaimonia) is such thing that all people should strive to achieve, but not because people tend to satisfy their selfish needs, but because good must be itself a goal. But people often consider some wrong values as real happiness and this makes them strive to the wrong values (EN 1095b-1096a). This touched me deeply when I was reading the book, because it made me think of those wrong values like having constant fun or being careless and I realized that this is not how a rational human being should behave. Hence, I think this part of the text was the most affecting and I’m going to think twice before making my choices engaged with right values in the future. Aquinas’s â€Å"Summa Theologica† (Question 94) analyses what the natural law is and whether it is the same for all people.

Social Engineering Attacks and Counterintelligence Essay

Social Engineering Attacks and Counterintelligence - Essay Example This essay looks at the concept from the security viewpoint. â€Å"Social Engineering is defined as the process of deceiving people into giving away access or confidential information† (Social Engineering Defined). Hackers, identity thieves, information brokers, disgruntled employees etc. are examples of social engineers. Dr. Max Kilger, co-author of the  Honeynet Project identifies the motivators for non-ethical computer activity which can also be applied to social engineering; these are money, entertainment, ego, cause, entrance into a social group and status within that social group (Typical Goals of a Social Engineer). Counter Intelligence To a layman, counterintelligence would mean the opposite of intelligence seen from the security angle. â€Å"Counterintelligence (CI) can be defined as information gathered and activities conducted to identify, deceive, exploit, disrupt, or protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted for or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations or persons, or their agents, or international terrorist organizations or activities† (Office Of Counterintelligence, 2011). Implications to National Security New age threats of different kinds according to Car and Musladin (2013) pose a challenge to national security. These are explained below. A few such challenges like terrorism, organized crime, and activism with a negative face are considered here. Terrorism is one of the dreaded scourges that affect national security. As Car and Musladin explain, terrorists actively use the internet to network and carry out physical attacks on nations, who even own up to terror acts on the internet. Organized Crime cannot be far behind. The use of the internet ensures that people at the higher echelons of a terror network go unapprehended and remain free to plan further terror strikes. All sorts of fraud take place by cheating unsuspecting victims. The defrauding of banks and other financ ial institutions can lead to the destabilization of the economy. According to Car and Musladin, activism with a negative face also finds voice on the internet. This can shape and build public opinion. Unfortunately, it can provoke the masses as they can be manipulated by touching raw nerves. On the other end of the spectrum, the internet is also the stage of revolutions and protests. The Arab Spring is an instance of a revolution that took the help of digital media. When mainstream media is muffled or does not offer any succor, it is such media which become the voice of the public and leads to revolutions. Importance of Sound Information Workforce It is of utmost importance that a sound information workforce is maintained. The workforce should be aware of and alert about their work environment at all times. They should be sensitized to the value of the data being handled by them. Only an aware workforce can secure its data. Social engineering also poses a grave threat to security. T he key to preventing this would be a transparent communication system at all times. Impersonation and identity thefts can be reduced to a large extent with a structured communication system. At times, the workforce can sense patterns and peculiarities in routine activities. Hence, corrective action can be taken before further damage occurs. Finally, it is always best to strike at the roots. Any fool proof system to be designed for security is best

Learning Theories and Cognitive Development

Learning Theories and Cognitive Development Vygotsky, Bruner, and Dienes share the cognitive viewpoint of learning. Lev Vygotsky, a constructive theorist, viewed social and cognitive development as working jointly while building on each other. One of Vygotskys major contributions to understanding child development, is the concept of the zone of proximal development (Mooney, 2013). Vygotsky believed this concept to be the difference between what a child can accomplish on his own, and what he can do with the assistance of a teacher or peer. In conjunction with the zone of proximal development, scaffolding is vital to a childs development. In Vygotskys view, scaffolding is instrumental in the childs development of knowledge and skills (Shemmar Al-Thani, 2015). Vygotsky advocated for observation in promoting a childs development. Teachers become familiar with a childs development through listening and watching his behavior, in this way, a greater degree of learning occurs as the teacher is aware of what the student knows, and can relate it to learning new concepts. In Vygotskys view, social interaction promotes individualized thinking. Concerned with the process of learning and instruction, Jerome Bruners theory supports children learning through guidance and support. Similar to Vygotsky, Bruner believed instructional scaffolding to be vital to a childs cognitive development. In Bruners view, any student can be taught any subject regardless of his stage of development, given support is provided in the right way, at the right time (Choudhry, 2013). An advocate for discovery learning, Bruner believed learning to be an active process. Learners create new ideas or concepts based on existing knowledge. Bruners theory of learning was based on children learning through three phases of cognitive development in which he or she progresses: the enactive phase, iconic stage, and the symbolic mode (Choudhry, 2013). Focusing primarily on mathematics, Zoltan Dienes theory of learning includes applying teaching practices that consider childrens learning styles, and the rate their learning occurs (Gningue, 2016). Dienes theory includes the use of manipulative materials, games and stories. He believed at an earlier age than previously thought, children can comprehend complicated math concepts than previously assumed. Per Dienes theory, mastering a new concept is a process that evolves over time, and involves the child progressing through stages, or cycles of learning (Gningue, 2016). Vygotsky, Bruner, and Dienes Versus Piaget The work of Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget are often compared because they both acknowledged the participation of individuals in constructing knowledge; however, there are also differences in their schools of thought. Central to Piagets theory, cognitive development follows four universal stages, in which more sophisticated, and abstract thought increases. Piagets theory holds that stages occur in the same order, building on knowledge gained from the previous stage, and grouped according to age in which the childs abilities are classified. Vygotsky took the position that through adult assistance, a child is gradually capable of performing tasks without assistance. Development is a result of the childs interaction with assimilation and accommodation in which a balance between preexisting concepts and new information is attained, and new knowledge is constructed (Choudhry, 2013). Piaget thought that a child is actively involved in his learning, and learning was a result of the childs int eraction with his environment. Vygotsky also considered children as active participants in their learning; however, he focused on the impact of social interaction and language on a childs cognitive development, and believed personal and social experiences cannot be separated (Mooney, 2013). Another similarity of Vygotsky and Piaget, is their view on the importance of play in a childs development and learning. In contrast to Piagets stage theory of a childs development, Bruner believed children could learn any subject with the support and guidance of an adult. Bruner, like Piaget, saw children as actively involved in their learning process. Similar to Piagets stages, Bruners theory also consisted of phases of development in which children progress as they learn and develop. However, Bruners modes were interrelated, unlike Piagets specifically defined stages. Unlike Piaget, Dienes focused primarily on childrens learning and development of mathematical concepts. Dienes theory involves progressive stages to learning math, much like Piagets theory of cognitive development. Piaget proposed that children learn best from concrete activities, similarly Dienes theory also emphasized the importance of children learning through the use of manipulative materials (Gningue, 2016). Additional Theorists John Dewey was instrumental in developing theories regarding young childrens learning and development. In agreement with Piaget and Vygotsky, Dewey saw the child as an active part of his learning process, and learning as child centered, and interactive (Mooney, 2013). Dewey believe the childs social world and community to be vital to his development. Dewey emphasized the role of the teacher in observing students to understand what kind of experiences they were interested in, and plan curriculum to help children understand his or her world. Maria Montessori developed a child centered approach to learning. She believed children learn skills, including language, naturally from his or her environment, and placed emphasis on preparation of the learning environment (Mooney, 2013). Montessoris work suggests that the most critical time of learning is during the first years of life, and learning comes through manipulation of the environment and training of the senses (Platz Arellano, 2011). Montessoris curriculum was based on the philosophy that educators should be passive but provide guidance as children are active participants in their learning process. John Locke saw children as a blank slate in their nature and ability to learn (Platz Arellano, 2011). Childrens nature and learning are influenced by their environment, and their early experiences had a lasting effect on their future. Locke also saw children as individuals who should be raised based on their individuality and taught according to their individual needs (Platz Arellano, 2011). Lockes view supports teaching children to read as soon as they learn to speak. Credited with the development of kindergarten curriculum, Froebel saw the importance of using play as a teaching strategy for young children. Froebels play curriculum did not include instruction on reading, writing, or counting (Platz Arellano, 2011). Play, games, and songs are vital to developing attitudes of cooperation and self-control in children. Froebel believed block play to be essential in child development as it represented the building blocks of the universe (Platz Arellano, 2011). References Choudhry, M. (2013). Constructivism: Way to new learning. International Journal of Education and Management Studies, 3(2), 276-284. Gningue, S. M. (2016). Remembering Zoltan Dienes, a Maverick of Mathematics Teaching and Learning: Applying the Variability Principles to Teach Algebra. International Journal for Mathematics Teaching and Learning, 17(2). Retrieved from http://www.cimt.org.uk/ijmtl/index.php/IJMTL/article/view/17 Platz D. and Arellano, J. (2011) Time tested early childhood theories and practices. Education. 32(1), 54-61. Retrieved from https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-269228798/time-tested-early-childhood-theories-and-practices

Legalizing Marijuana Essay -- Papers Weed Drugs Legalization Essays

Legalizing Marijuana Why marijuana? Why legalize marijuana for recreational use? I think the question we should ask ourselves is ?why not Are there any benefits? Again, the focus is misplaced. The question should be how do the benefits of decriminalizing marijuana far outweigh the negative aspects. Why was marijuana made illegal in the first place? Marijuana is certainly not illegal due to health concerns, because if that were the case alcohol and tabacco would be illegal as well. The fact is Americans demand the freedom to choose. Freedom of choice is one of the basic principles this country was founded on. If that freedom of choice is the right to choose to indulge in vices that may be detrimental to one?s health, whether it be alcohol, tabacco or marijuana, than that must be a decision that we as Americans are able to make for ourselves. Why is the third most popular drug in the U.S., behind alcohol and tobacco, the only one of the three still illegal? It?s because most of the public is blind to th e benefits marijuana?s decriminalization would bring. This narrow minded way of thinking is similar to the kind of paranoia that caused it?s prohibition in 1937. Although legalizing the use of marijuana for recreational purposes would call for a greater sense of responsibility, it?s positive effects would have a profound impact on this nation. One of the largest and most costly problems concerned with this issue is overcrowded prisons. I think Nick Hexum illustrates it best when he sings, ?The war on drugs may be well intentioned-but it falls?flat when you stop and mention-the overcrowded prisons where a rapist gets paroled-to make room for a?[guy] who has sold-a pound of weed-to me that?s a crime? Although these are ... ...th Esq. Testimony before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy and Human Resources Committee on Government Reform U.S. House of Representatives, July 13, 1999 http://www.norml.org/recreational/testimony99.shtml Bibliography: Gazzaniga, Michael S. ?An Interview With Michael Gazzaniga? The National Review Accessed March 4, 2001 http:members.dencity.com/warmth/ Hexum, Nicholas ?Grassroots? 311, 1994 Capricorn Records Jackson, Ted. ?Today, in Another Drug-Related www.intellectualcapital.com, accessed March 7, 2001. Stroup, R. Keith Esq. Testimony before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy and Human Resources Committee on Government Reform U.S. House of Representatives, July 13, 1999 http://www.norml.org/recreational/testimony99.shtml

Working Conditions in Bradford 19th Century

Worksheet: Living and working conditions in 19th century Bradford. This short piece of writing will be describing and explaining why and how the living and working conditions were so appalling in 19th century Bradford. A quote from the poet George Weerth in 1842 gives a graphic idea of what life was like in Bradford 19th century. He gives quite a detailed verse saying in one part that ‘you think you have been lodged with the devil incarnate’ (Bradford health-General, no date) this gives the impression that he would rather be residing or is the same as hell because of the immense disease and vile stench.He compares Bradford to Leeds, Birmingham and Manchester. The reason for these horrendous conditions was the adaptation of industrialisation and urbanisation. Industrialisation was when people moved to the cities, and machines produced things instead of by hand. When industry started to adapt, Bradford started to become worse, in 1800 Bradford had 1 spinning mill 50 years later it had 129 mills. This huge growth in industry and population had some catastrophic effects on Bradford.In 1769 the waterframe was invented, it was powered by water but, it was not a very good machine as with water there are floods, droughts, and foul smells from rivers. One of the main problems came when the use of steam came into force, as coal mills sprang up extremely fast, this transformed human relationships (capitalism). Many of the factories were dominated by women and children, as women were easily controlled and received less than a quarter of the wages that males received. In 1830 in John Woods spinning mill (which was the biggest spinning mill in Bradford) had 528 workers, 489 were women and 38 men.As the industry expanded, even more the openings of wool houses and dye houses came, later then came more shops and houses, they were built anywhere and everywhere. These houses were one up and one down, had no kitchen, no water and no toilet. People bought water private ly in barrels; little did they know that this water could have come from anywhere. At this point there was no sewerage and the dye from the dye houses flooded the town and rivers. It is said that people could set fire to Bradford canal and the water from Bradford could turn silver watch cases black.While the women and children dominated the industry, illness and sickness rates shot through the roof, while there was no sewerage and the population was uncontrollable the average age of death was 18 years old, over fifty percent of children never reached the age of five, and the majority never reached the age of one. In one district alone over five hundred people shared one toilet. In 1850 Bradford won prizes for being the biggest area for textiles, taking over places such as, Manchester and Leeds.At this point in time Bradford was at its worst ,in 1850 the graveyard was full of bodies, houses were too crowded and people kept pigs, chickens and human excrement outside their doors until farmers came and took it away (at the right cost). In the 1841-1851 census it was recorded that up to 20 people were living in one house. Unaware of the dangers of no sewerage, people thought there was no harm in this way of living, as everyone believed these diseases were miasmic diseases and the diseases were caught by overcrowded areas.They believed that decomposing animal and vegetable substances (Thompson, 1982, pp137-138) caused diseases such as smallpox, typhus, cholera and other horrific, frightful diseases. The Bradford Registration District said about twenty percent of all mortality was attributable to ‘Miasmic Diseases’ (Thompson, 1982, pp137-138) so a cleanup of the environment was needed to improve life expectancy. As a conclusion to this piece of writing, it is proven that although the mass growth in industry made Bradford into the biggest textile production area, it also caused colossal social tragedy in Bradford.The main reason for the adaptation in Brad ford was for immediate profit but unfortunately in caused disastrous effects on society.Bibliography Thompson, B (1982) â€Å"Public Provision and Private Neglect: Public Health† in â€Å"Wright, DG jowitt, JA (eds. ) Victorian Bradford. Bradford: City of Bradford Metropolitan Council, pp 137-138. Bradford Health- general (no date). Available at: http://wwwschoolhistory. org. ukgcse/medicine/publichealth/bradford (Accessed: 24 September 2009)

Legalization of Marijuana3 essays

Legalization of Marijuana3 essays Several pressing issues have arose throughout time, such as abortion and capitol punishment. The controversies have been addressed and decisions have been made. A new topic has emerged l states (1986, Congress), (Buchsbaum, 8). This crowds court rooms and jail cells, often times forcing judges to release violent offenders. In 1994 alone, 1.35 million people were incarcerated because of possession and use of marijuana (Buckley, 70). Even though only an estimates ten million Americans use marijuana on a monthly basis, about seventy million have at some time tried it. The current laws would justify putting all seventy million citizens in jail (Buckley, 70). Several pressing issues have arose throughout time, such as abortion and capitol punishment. The controversies have been addressed and decisions have been made. A new topic has emerged and demands recognition. It is the legalization of marijuana. Legalizing marijuana has become a widely discussed topic in the United States and the world for several reasons, including its role in industry and in recreation. Over the centuries, marijuana has been used to make such things as rope, sails, paper, cloth, oil, birdseed, and other various products. It was a major cash crop in the United States until 1937 when the Marijuana Tax Act was enacted by Congress. Harry Aslinger is responsible for leading the nation in an anti-marijuana movement. He initiated the uproar by publishing false stories of people in Mexico dying and going insane due to the use of hemp, or marijuana, products. Aslinger created a myth of the "killer reefer" and the "assassin of youth", in which he depicted marijuana as the plant of evilness. The public naively presumed his stories were true, and avidly protested the growth of marijuana. The government had no choice but to act on the issue, outlawing the production of marijuana in an effort to satisfy the public's demand. Today, however, there is a...

Free Online Public Schools for California Students

Free Online Public Schools for California Students California offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in California. In order to qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of California Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools California Virtual AcademiesChoice 2000Insight School of California - Los AngelesPacific View Charter School - Serving San Diego, Riverside, Orange, and Imperial Counties About Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. Choosing a California Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny. For more suggestions on evaluating virtual schools see  how to choose an online high school.

Conservation of mass during a chemical change Lab Report

Conservation of mass during a chemical change - Lab Report Example This is a precipitation reaction and we expect to find a white solid formed as the reaction progresses. The two compounds are products in the Solvay process that is used in the large scale manufacture of sodium carbonate. In our second set up, sodium carbonate is reacted with hydrochloric acid. From our elementary chemistry the products we expect are sodium chloride and carbon IV oxide. Carbon IV oxide will be seen as bubbles emanating from the progressing reaction. Therefore as the carbon IV oxide is lost and this will affect the results as the mass of the products will be less than that of the reactants. In the first set up 5ml of 1M sodium carbonate was put in a clean test tube and in a different test tube 5ml of 1M calcium chloride was put. The masses of both test tubes with contents were recorded. Then the contents of the two test tubes were mixed. All observations were recorded. After the reaction was completed the contents were weighed again and the mass recorded. In the second set up, 5ml of 1M sodium carbonate was put in a test tube and 5ml of hydrochloric acid put in another. The test tubes were placed in a beaker and the mass of the arrangement taken. The two were then mixed and all observations recorded as the reaction was progressing. The mass of the set up was taken again after the reaction was over and recorded. The change in mass was 0.137 grams which is negligible. We did not expect the mass to change as using the law of mass conservation as projected by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789, the mass of the reactants should be equal to the mass of the products. There is no compound lost during the reaction and the little change in mass could be due to errors in measurement or the production of heat during the reaction. The change in mass recorded was 2.597 grams which is significant. Change in mass was expected as there was bubbling taking place as the reaction progressed which

Biological Science in the News #4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biological Science in the News #4 - Assignment Example The using of non-food biomass for gasoline production is more preferable. Previous studies showed the possibility of obtaining long-chain alkanes containing 13-17 carbon atoms. The new strategy of microbial gasoline production give opportunity to get fatty acid derivatives that are shorter comparing normal intracellular fatty acid metabolites. The presented strategy introduces a novel synthetic pathway for the biosynthesis of short-chain alkanes. This can be the basis for obtaining gasoline, as well as other compounds like short-chain fatty esters and short-chain fatty alcohols. What amounts of energy are used for obtaining of 1 liter of gasoline? Was energy consumption for production of gasoline by metabolically-engineered microorganism less than energy consumption during oil refining? Gasoline production by microorganisms could be one of the possible sources of fossil fuel production. The advantage of this strategy is processing of non-food biomass. However, the amount of obtained hydrocarbons is relatively small. Further researches should be aimed on the increasing of product yield. I personally think that the presented strategy change the dependence from oil into dependence from biomass gasoline. The using of developed strategy for obtaining of other compounds is more